Git
In this tutorial we will learn to commit the changes in Git repository.
We use the git commit command to commit all the files that are staged in the staging area to the Git repository.
git commit
When we execute the git commit command, Git will create a checksum for the snapshot that is there in the staging area.
The committed snapshot is saved in the local Git repository and will not change unless we explicitly instruct Git to make some change.
On running this command a text editor will open if you have set an editor when your configured Git.
Example:
$ git config --global core.editor emacs
If you configured emacs as the core editor for Git then, when you run the git commit command then emacs will open. If nothing was set then Git will use the default editor of the system.
The editor will prompt you for a commit message. After you have entered and saved the commit for the snapshot Git will create the commit in the local repository.
If we use the git commit -m "message" command then Git will not open any editor and will use the "message" as the commit message and will create the commit.
git commit -m "message"
So, if we look at the staged changes from the previous tutorial.
$ git status On branch master Initial commit Changes to be committed: (use "git rm --cached ..." to unstage) new file: index.php new file: js/default.js
We can tell that we have staged files and they are ready for commit.
So, to commit the changes we will run the git commit -m command with a commit message "initial commit".
git commit -m
$ git commit -m "initial commit" [master (root-commit) f066f07] initial commit 2 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 index.php create mode 100644 js/default.js
So, from the above output we can tell that 2 files were changed and added to the master branch.
We can check the log of all the commits using the git log command.
git log
So, if we run this command in the git-project directory we will get the commits.
$ git log commit f066f077af008d20e0457f253d730641f55c6752 Author: Yusuf Shakeel Date: Wed Feb 12 20:45:06 2014 +0530 initial commit
In the next tutorial we will configure Git to ignore files that we don't want to commit.